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List of leading Thoroughbred racehorses

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Kincsem, Ch.m. 1874, undefeated winner in
54 starts in five countries
Cobweb was an undefeated winner of the 1,000 Guineas and Epsom Oaks.
Undefeated: Goldfinder, b.c. 1764 (Snap - mare, by Blank)

The List of leading Thoroughbred racehorses contains the names of undefeated racehorses or those horses which had a very impressive racing record. The great racehorses of over two centuries have been able to capture the public’s imagination because they could outrace their peers in a number of major races or in long consecutive winning sequences.

Ever since English Thoroughbreds commenced racing, the aim was to find the fastest and best of them all. Centuries later, and after many great racehorses have passed on debates continue as to which were the leading racehorses. A good consistent racehorse, typically requires ability, stamina or speed in varying degrees, to defeat their contemporaries. However time tests are unreliable as a good basis for comparisons between horses of different eras. Time variations may occur as a result of using hand-operated stop-watches, track conditions and wind direction etc. which make timing an unreliable judging criterion.

The two main forms of Thoroughbred horseracing are flat racing, and hurdle or steeplechase (jumping) races over obstacles.

Winning all three of the two-year-old, or three-year-old Triple Crown races though is a rare achievement and is considered one of the greatest accomplishments of a Thoroughbred racehorse. Below are listed most of the leading horses of the world’s racecourses for over two centuries.

 
Table of Contents
1Undefeated winners
2Other undefeated racehorses
3Most wins
4Successive victories
5Most wins in one season
6Most group / grade one (G1) wins
7Horses who were defeated once
8Horses that have won more than $10 million
9See also
10References
11External links

Undefeated winners

Federico Tesio bred several undefeated champions including Nearco, Ribot, Braque and Cavaliere d’Arpino, whom he considered the best horse that he ever bred.[1]

Below is a list of Thoroughbred racehorses who have an undefeated race record. Click on the sort symbol at the top of the columns to sort them.

Wins
 Horse
 Origin
 Details
 Pedigree and notes
54 Kincsem Hungary Ch.f. 1874 Cambuscan (GB) x Water Nymph by Cotswold[2]
21 Black Caviar* Australia Br.m. 2006 Bel Esprit x Helsinge by Desert Sun (GB)[3]
19 Peppers Pride United States B.f. 2003 Desert God x Lady Pepper by Chili Pepper Pie [4]
18 Eclipse Great Britain Ch.c. 1764 Marske x Spilletta by Regulus[5][6][7]
18 Karayel Turkey B.h. 1970 Prince Tudor (GB) x Linda (TUR) by Cihangir (GB). Triple Crown winner.[8]
16 Ormonde Great Britain B.c. 1883 Bend Or x Lily Agnes by Macaroni. Triple Crown winner.[9][10]
16 Prestige France c. 1903 Le Pompon x Orgueilleuse by Révérand[11]
16 Ribot Great Britain B.c. 1952 Tenerani (ITY) x Romanella (ITY) by El Greco[12]
15 Colin United States Br.c. 1905 Commando x Pastorella (GB) by Springfield [13]
15 Macon Argentina c. 1922 Sandal (GB) x Bourgogne by Your Majesty[14]
14 Highflyer Great Britain B.c. 1774 Herod x Rachel by Blank x 1751 mare by Regulus[15]
14 Nearco Italy Br.c. 1935 Pharos (GB) x Nogara by Havresac II (FR)
13 Barcaldine Great Britain B.c. 1878 Solon x Ballyroe by Belladrum
13 Personal Ensign United States  B.f. 1984 Private Account x Grecian Banner by Hoist The Flag[16]
13 Tremont United States B.c. 1884 Virgil x Ann Fief by Alarm
12 Asteroid United States B.c. 1861 Lexington x Nebula by Glencoe (GB)[17]
12 Braque Italy B.h. 1954 Antonio Canale x Buonamica by Niccolò dell'Arca[18]
11½ Crucifix Great Britain B.f. 1837 Priam x Octaviana by Octavian[19]
11 Kurifuji (Toshifuji) Japan Ch.f. 1940 Tournesol (GB) x Kenfuji by Chapel Brampton (GB)
10 Nereide Germany B.f. 1933 Laland x Nella da Gabbio (ITY) by Grand Parade (GB)[20]
10 Tokino Minoru Japan B.c. 1948 Theft (IRE) x Daini Tyrant's Queen (GB) by Soldennis[21]
10 Handsomchamp USA Gr./R h. 2002 Fabulous Champ x Holly D by Hey Rob[22]
10 Frankel* Great Britain B.c. 2008 Galileo x Kind by Danehill[23]
9 Awesome Feather* United States B.f. 2008 Awesome of Course x Precious Feather by Gone West[24]
9 Bahram Great Britain B.c. 1932 Blandford x Friar's Daughter by Friar Marcus
9 Combat Great Britain Br.c. 1944 Big Game x Commotion by Mieuxce (FR)[25]
9 Grand Flaneur Australia B.c. 1877 Yattendon x First Lady (GB) by St. Albans[26]
9 Regulus Great Britain B.c. 1739 Godolphin Arabian x Grey Robinson by Bald Galloway[27]
9 St. Simon Great Britain B.c. 1881 Galopin x St. Angela by King Tom[28]
8 American Eclipse United States Ch.c. 1814 Duroc x Miller's Damsel by Messenger[29]
8 Caracalla II France B.c. 1942 Tourbillon x Astronomie by Asterus[21][25]
8 Goldfinder Great Britain B.c. 1764 Snap x mare by Blank[30]
8 Maruzensky Japan b. c. 1974 Nijinsky II x Shill by Buckpasser
8 Patience Hungary Ch.f. 1902 Bona Vista x (GB) Podagra (GB) by Galopin[21][25]
8 Sweetbriar Great Britain Ch. c. 1769 Syphon x mare (1763), by Shakespeare[31]
7 Atlantic Jewel* Australia 2008 Fastnet Rock x Regard by Zabeel[32]
7 El Rio Rey United States B.h. 1887 Norfolk x Marian by Malcolm[33]
7 Kitano Dai O Japan Ch.c. 1965 Die Hard x Kitano Hikari by Tosa Midori
7 Malt Queen Australia Br.f. 1905 Maltster x Her Majesty by Sunrise[34]
7 Mannamead Great Britain h. 1929 Manna x Pinprick by Torpoint[34]
7 Perdita II Great Britain B.m. 1881 Hampton x Hermione by Young Melbourne[25]
7 The Tetrarch Ireland Gr.c. 1911 Roi Herode (FR) x Vahren by Bona Vista[25]
7 Zarkava Ireland B.f. 2005 Zamindar (USA) x Zarkasha by Kahyasi[35]
6 Bay Middleton Great Britain B.c. 1833 Sultan x Cobweb by Phantom
6 Bustin Stones United States Ch.h. 2004 City Zip x Shesasurething by Prospectors Gamble[36]
6 Candy Ride Argentina B.c. 1999 Ride The Rails (USA) x Candy Girl by Candy Stripes (USA)
6 Cavaliere d’Arpino Italy B.c. 1926 Havresac II (FR) x Chuette (GB) by Cicero[21]
6 Claude Italy B.h. 1964 Hornbeam (GB) x Aigue-Vive (FR) by Vatellor[37]
6 Hurry On Great Britain Ch.c. 1913 Marcovil x Tout Suite by Sainfoin[21]
6 Pierro* Australia Br.c. 2009 Lonhro (AUS) x Miss Right Note (IRE) by Daylami (IRE)
6 Tolgus Great Britain B.h. 1923 Stefan the Great x Rosa Croft by Lemberg[38]
5 Ajax France B.h. 1901 Flying Fox x Amie by Clamart
5 Dice United States B.h. 1925 Dominant x Frumpery by Chicle[39]
5 Emerson Brazil B.c.1958 Coaraze (FR) x Empenosa by Full Sail (GB)[21][40]
5 Flying Childers Great Britain B.c. 1714 Darley Arabian x Betty Leedes by Wharton's Careless[21]
5 Husson Argentina Ch.h. 2003 Hussonet (USA) ex Villa Elisa (CHI) by Roy[41]
5 Landaluce United States B/br.f. 1980 Seattle Slew x Strip Poker by Bold Bidder
5 Landgraf Germany B.c. 1914 Louviers (GB) x Ladora (GB) by Ladas[21]
5 Melair United States Gr.f. 1983 Debonair Roger x Melrose Nugget by Viking Spirit[42]
5 Norfolk United States B.c. 1861 Lexington x Novice by Glencoe (GB)[17]
5 Reset Australia B.h. 2000 Zabeel x Assertive Lass by Zeditave
5 Fasliyev Ireland B.h. 1997 Nureyev x Mr P's Princess by Mr. Prospector[43]
5 Teofilo Ireland B.h. 2004 Galileo x Speirbhean by Danehill[44]
5 Queen's Logic Ireland Ch. f. 1999 Grand Lodge x Lagrion by Diesis[45]
4 Agnes Tachyon Japan ch.h. 1998 Sunday Silence x Agnes Flora by Royal Ski
4 White Moonstone* Great Britain B.f. 2008 Dynaformer x Desert Gold by Seeking the Gold[46]
4 Cobweb Great Britain B.f. 1821 Phantom x Filagree by Soothsayer
4 Fuji Kiseki Japan blk.h 1992 Sunday Silence x Millracer by Le Fabuleux[47]
4 Golden Fleece United States B.c. 1979 Nijinsky II (CAN) x Exotic Treat by Vaguely Noble
4 Lammtarra United States Ch.c. 1992 Nijinsky II (CAN) x Snow Bride by Blushing Groom
4 Madelia France Ch.m. 1974 Caro x Moonmadness by Tom Fool[48]
4 Raise a Native United States Ch.c. 1961 Native Dancer x Raise You by Case Ace[49]
4 Vindication United States B.h. 2000 Seattle Slew x Strawberry Reason by Strawberry Road[50]
3 Blue Train Great Britain Ch.c. 1944 Blue Peter x Sun Chariot (IRE) by Hyperion
3 Boniform New Zealand B.h. 1904 Multiform x Otterden (GB) by Sheen[51]
3 Danzig United States B.c. 1977 Northern Dancer (CAN) x Pas De Nom by Admirals Voyage[52]
3 Kantharos United States Ch.c. 2008 Lion Heart x Contessa Halo by Southern Halo[53]
3 Footstepsinthesand Ireland B.c. 2002 Giant's Causeway x Glatisant by Rainbow Quest[54]
3 Pharis France Bl.c. 1936 Pharos (GB) x Carissima by Clarissimus[21]
3 Pronto Argentina B.c. 1958 Timor x Prosperina by Gusty[21]

* Still active.

Cherimoya, 1908, won the Epsom Oaks at her only start.

Other undefeated racehorses

Nordlicht (chestnut horse 1941-1968, by Oleander x Nereide, by Laland) was also undefeated after an unknown number of starts. His victories included the Deutsches Derby and the Austrian Derby.[55] Middleton and Amato had one start each with both of them winning the Epsom Derby and then retiring. Cherimoya did likewise when she won the Epsom Oaks at her only start. Morston (colt by Ragusa x Windmill Girl by Hornbeam) had two starts winning both, the second of which was the 1973 Epsom Derby. Sailor won both his races, including the 1820 Epsom Derby. Quintessence had three starts for three wins including the 1,000 Guineas Stakes and Suspender also had three starts, in smaller races, for three wins.[56] Don Juan by Loyalist, Ball's Florizel (1801), Mirza by the Godolphin Arabian, and Lecturer (1869), were also unbeaten, but the number of their wins is unknown.[57]

Most wins

Kingston (by Spendthrift) had 138 starts and won 89 of these, including 30 stakes-races. Commencing a winning sequence as a four-year-old on 21 August 1888 Kingston had 35 race starts until 30 May 1891 when he was defeated only twice. Bankrupt who won 86 races from 348 starts, and he too, was also by Spendthrift.[58]

Catherina (1830, by Whisker), started in 171 races and won 75 of them, many over long distances, including the Manchester Cup and Heaton Park's King's Cup.[59]

Successive victories

Camarero after 56 consecutive race wins

Some horses which were defeated have also demonstrated an impressive record by scoring many successive victories. The horses who were defeated, but had ten or more consecutive race wins are:

The undefeated Norfolk

Timoleon (1813) not only won 13 consecutive races, but he sired National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame horse, Boston (1833) who started in about 45 races, winning 40 of these, including 15 in succession and in turn sire of Lexington, who had 7 starts for 6 wins and a place. Lexington in turn sired Kentucky (23 starts, 21 wins), plus the undefeated Asteroid and Norfolk, which are listed below.

Horses that held long sequences of jumping victories in include: Sir Ken won 16 hurdle races in England, Poethlyn won 11 steeplechases in succession including 2 Grand National races.[94]

Most wins in one season

Jorrocks won 30 of his 31 starts in 1846.

The horses with ten or more race wins in one season are:

  • 30 wins – Jorrocks (1833) also known as The Iron Gelding, won 30 of his 31 starts in 1846, carrying no less than nine stone over the usual distances of two or three miles.[26]
  • 22 wins - Top Ace (AUS);[64] Luke Blackburn (1880), in 24 starts;
  • 21 wins - Fisherman[26] Picnic In The Park (AUS)from 23 starts including breaking down in final race,
  • 19 wins — Citation (1948), in 20 starts; Camarero (1954, Puerto Rico); Roseben (1905), in 29 starts, [64] Rapid Redux (2011, USA);[95] .
  • 18 wins — Hindoo (1881)
  • 17 wins - Jamaica Princess; Kincsem (1877, Hungary);
  • 16 wins - Provideo,[96] Tanchera, Timeless Times[64] Sweetmeat (GB),[97]
  • 15 wins - Clover Valley, Mainbrace (NZ),[64] Old Rosebud (1917); Round Table (1957); Kingston (1891); Pan Zareta (1913 & 1915)
  • 14 wins - Ajax, Corrys Road, Deceive, Desert Gold (NZ)‡, Phar Lap (NZ), Syntax (NZ), Tulloch (NZ)[64]
  • 13 wins - Arragonaise, Candy Mac, Gay Port, Gloaming, Grey Way (NZ), Skywana, Uncle Remus[64]
  • 12 wins - Eurythmic, Kingston Town (AUS), Prince Courtald, Surround‡[64]
  • 11 wins - Beaulivre, Beauvite, Delta, Man o' War (USA), Poseidon, Proud Miss‡,[64] Soba,[98] Vindaloo, Yatasto (1951, Argentina)
  • 10 wins – Bernborough (AUS), Carbine (NZ), Carioca, Chiquita‡, Cigar (USA), Kindergarten (NZ), Gay Lungi, Progress, Reception, Rising Fast (NZ), Raconteur, Trafalgar.[34] Tom Fool, 1953

Most group / grade one (G1) wins

Sceptre by Emil Adam

All grade one / group one races are open for International level, all local group / grade one are not included. The horses with ten or more G1 race wins are:

In 1902 Sceptre became the only racehorse to win four British Classic Races outright. Previously, in 1868, Formosa won the same four races but dead-heated in the 2,000 Guineas Stakes.[117]

‡ Mare

Horses who were defeated once

Horses such as Wheel of Fortune, Barbaro, Ruffian and Vanity (1812) sustained injury or broke down in their only defeat.

Below are lists of Thoroughbred racehorses who were defeated once.

Wins
 Horse
 Origin
 Details
 History
22:21-1-0 Native Dancer United States Gr.h. 1950 Polynesian x Geisha by Discovery
21:20-1-0 Man o' War United States Ch.h. 1917 Fair Play x Mahubah by Rock Sand
20:19-1-0 Zenyatta United States B/br.f. 2004 Street Cry x Vertigineux by Kris S.
19:18-0-0 Hambletonian Great Britain B.h. 1792 King Fergus x Grey Highflyer by Highflyer[118]
19:18-0-0 Squanderer India B.c. 1973 Valoroso (GB) x Milky Way (IND), by Scamperdale (GB)[70]
18:17-1-0 Botafogo Argentina 1914 Old Man x Korea (GB) by Raeburn[21]
18:17-1-0 Brigadier Gerard Great Britain 1968 Queen's Hussar x La Paiva by Prince Chevalier
18:17-0-0 Gradisco Venezuela 1960 Show Ring x Gradara by Orsenigo
16:15-1-0 The Flying Dutchman Great Britain 1846 Bay Middleton x Barbelle by Sandbeck
15:14-0-1 Sysonby United States 1902 Melton x Optime by Orme
12:11-0-0 Alba Germany 1927 Wallenstein x Arabis by Ard Patrick[21]
12:11-0-0 Invasor Argentina 2002 Candy Stripes x Quendom by Interprete
12:11-1-0 Isinglass Great Britain 1890 Isonomy x Deadlock by Wenlock
11:10-0-1 Wheel of Fortune Great Britain f. 1869 Adventurer x Queen Berths by Kingston
11:10-0-1 Galopin Great Britain 1872 Vedette x Flying Duchess by The Flying Dutchman
11:10-1-0 Imi Hungary 1953 Internezzo x Minci by Mannamead[21]
11:10-0-0 Ruffian United States f. 1972 Reviewer x Shenanigans by Native Dancer
10:9-1-0 Alleged United States 1974 Hoist the Flag x Princess Pout by Prince John
10:9-0-0 Dubai Millennium Great Britain 1996 Seeking The Gold x Colorado Dancer by Shareef Dancer
10:9-1-0 Forli Argentina 1963 Aristophanes (GB) x Trevisa by Advocate (GB)[119]
10:9-1-0 West Australian Great Britain 1850 Melbourne x Mowerina by Touchstone. Triple Crown winner.[120]
10:9-1-0 Majestic Prince United States 1966 Raise a Native x Gay Hostess by Royal Charger
10:9-1-0 Divine Proportions United States 2002 Kingmambo x Myth to Reality by Sadler's Wells
10:9-1-0 Horse Chestnut South Africa 1995 Fort Wood x London Wall by Col Pickering
9:8-1-0 Dante Great Britain 1942 Nearco x Rosy Legend by Dark Legend[21]
9:8-1-0 Donatello II France[121] 1934 Blenheim II (GB) x Delleana (ITY) by Clarissimus (GB)[21]
9:8-1-0[21] Herold Germany[121] 1917 Dark Ronald x Hornisse by Ard Patrick
9:8-1-0[21] Mistress Ford France 1933 Blandford (IRE) x Polly Flinders II by Teddy
9:8-0-0 Sea the Stars Ireland 2006 Cape Cross x Urban Sea by Miswaki
9:8-1-0[21] Sicambre France 1948 Prince Bio x Sif by Rialto
9:8-1-0 Smarty Jones United States 2001 Elusive Quality x I'll Get Along by Smile
9:8-0-1[21] Sun Chariot Ireland 1939 Hyperion x Clarence by Diligence
9:8-1-0 Horometer Canada 1931 Hourless x Star Pal by North Star
9:8-1-0 Dalakhani Ireland 2000 Darshaan x Daltawa by Miswaki
8:7-1-0 Graustark United States 1963 Ribot x Flower Bowl by Alibhai[21]
8:7-0-0 Big Brown United States B.h. 2005 Boundary x Mien by Nureyev
8:7-0-0 Reel United States Gr.m. 1838 Glencoe (GB) x Gallopade by Catton[122]
8:7-0-0 Shakespeare United States B.h. 2001 Theatrical x Lady Shirl by That's a Nice
8:7-1-0 Sea Bird II France 1962 Dan Cupid x Sicalade by Sicalade
8:7-1-0 Macaroni United Kingdom 1860 Sweetmeat x Jocose
8:7-1-0 El Gran Senor United States 1981 Northern Dancer x Sex Appeal by Buckpasser
8:7-1-0 Sinndar Ireland 1997 Grand Lodge x Sinntara x Lashkari
8:7-0-1 Grand Parade Ireland blk.c. 1916 Orby x Grand Geraldine by Desmond
7:6-0-0 Barbaro United States 2003 Dynaformer x La Ville Rouge by Carson City[21]
7:6-1-0 Lexington United States 1850 Boston x Alice Carneal by Sarpedon (GB)[21]
7:6-1-0 Partner Great Britain 1718 Jigg x Sister 1 to Mixbury, by Curwen's Bay Barb[123]
6:5-1-0 Hoist the Flag United States 1968 Tom Rolfe x Wavy Navy by War Admiral
6:5-1-0 Majesticperfection United States 2006 Harlan's Holiday x Act So Noble by Wavering Monarch
6:5-1-0 Meld Great Britain f. 1952 Alycidon x Daily Double by Fair Trial
6:5-1-0 Sebring Australia Ch.c. 2005 More Than Ready x Pure Speed by Flying Spur[124]
5:4-1-0 Bletchingly Australia Br.h. 1970 Biscay x Coogee (GB) by Relic (USA)
4:3-1-0[21] Blandford Ireland 1919 Swynford x Blanche by White Eagle
3:2-0-1 Bois Roussel Great Britain Br.h. 1935 Vatout x Plucky Liege by Spearmint. Won Epsom Derby.[125]
3:2-0-0 Nureyev United States 1977 Northern Dancer x Special by Forli
3:2-0-0 Wilkes France 1952 Court Martial x Sans Tares (GB) by Sind.[126]
  • Still Active

Horses that have won more than $10 million

Deep Impact

All of the horses that have won over $10 million (and many others) belong to the Nearco sireline with the sole exception of Curlin, who is from the Native Dancer branch of the Phalaris (grandsire of the same Nearco) sireline.[125]

In 1951 Citation became the first horse to win one million dollars.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: [//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Famous_race_horses Famous race horses]

References

  1. ↑ Talmadge Phelps, John and Frank , Dormello-Olgiata, 1961-1962, Derby Publishing Co., Milan, 1962
  2. ↑ Kincsem Horse Pedigree, Pedigree Online Thoroughbred Database
  3. ↑ ASB: Black Caviar Retrieved 2010-10-9
  4. ↑ Shinar, Jack (2008-12-17). "Peppers Pride Perfect Streak Peaks at 19". BloodHorse.com. http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/48442/peppers-pride-perfect-streak-peaks-at-19?id=48442. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  5. ↑ Eclipse Horse Pedigree, Pedigree Online Thoroughbred Database
  6. ↑ Briggs, Helen (2006-03-17). "'Averageness' key to great racehorses". BBC News Online. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4815378.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  7. ↑ Amos, Jonathan (2005-09-05). "DNA study of 'greatest racehorse'". BBC News Online. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4216914.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  8. ↑ The Independent: Racing Retrieved 2010-4-10
  9. ↑ Hall, Gideon. "The Richest Man in Horse Racing". Bakerstreet Journal. http://www.bakerstreetjournal.com/images/Hill_Richest_Man_in_Horseracing.pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  10. ↑ Erigero, Patricia. "Bend Or". Thoroughbred Heritage Portraits. http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/BendOr.html. Retrieved 2009-04-09.  (Ormonde is listed as part of its heritage)
  11. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Sardanapale Retrieved 2010-10-31
  12. ↑ Ribot Horse Pedigree, Pedigree Online Thoroughbred Database
  13. ↑ "Colin". National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame. http://www.racingmuseum.org/hall/horse.asp?ID=49. Retrieved 2009-04-09. [dead link]
  14. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: William the Third Retrieved 2010-11-9
  15. ↑ Peters, Anne; Patricia Erigero. "Highflyer". Thoroughbred Heritage Portraits. http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Highflyer.html. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  16. ↑ "Personal Ensign". National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame. http://www.racingmuseum.org/hall/horse.asp?ID=117. Retrieved 2009-04-09. [dead link]
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Hollingsworth, Kent, The Kentucky Thoroughbred, University Press, Kentucky, 1985
  18. ↑ Talmadge Phelps, John and Frank, Dormello-Olgiata, 1961-1962, Derby Publishing Co., Milan, 1962
  19. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Priam Retrieved 2010-3-17 Note: Several sources state that she won all 12 of her starts, but she dead-heated in one race.
  20. ↑ Tb Heritage - Oleander Retrieved on 2009-8-2
  21. ↑ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 21.14 21.15 21.16 21.17 21.18 21.19 21.20 21.21 21.22 21.23 Ahnert, Rainer L. (editor in chief), "Thoroughbred Breeding of the World", Pozdun Publishing, Germany, 1970
  22. ↑ Equibase company, USA
  23. ↑ "Sporfinglife.com". Sportinglife.com. 2010-03-12. http://www.sportinglife.com/racing/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=racing/10/10/16/RACING_Dewhurst.html. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  24. ↑ Equibase: Awesome Feather Retrieved 2010-11-05
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 Leicester, Sir Charles, "Bloodstock Breeding", J.A. Allen & Co, London, 1969
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 Barrie, Douglas M., The Australian Bloodhorse, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1956
  27. ↑ Morland, Thomas Hornby, “The Genealogy of the English Race Horse”, J Barfield, London, 1810
  28. ↑ "St. Simon". Thoroughbred Bloodlines. http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/StSimon.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  29. ↑ Montgomery, E.S, “The Thoroughbred”, Arco, New York, 1973 ISBN 0-668-02824-6
  30. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage - Foundation Sires of the Thoroughbred: G Retrieved on 2009-8-8
  31. ↑ Bloodlines: Sweetbriar Retrieved 2010-10-31
  32. ↑ http://www.racingvictoria.net.au/Racing/horse.aspx?horse_code=914273
  33. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Norfolk Retrieved 2010-12-23
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Henry, Bill (ed.), "J.J. Miller's Sporting Annual, 1977", Herald & Weekly Times Ltd., Melbourne
  35. ↑ ASB: Zarkava (IRE) Retrieved on 2009-8-24
  36. ↑ Equibase: Bustin Stones Retrieved 2011-03-16
  37. ↑ Thoroughbred Stallion Register - 1984, Australian Jockey Club, ISSN 0155-6134
  38. ↑ Family 26: Old Merlin Mare Retrieved 2010-3-29
  39. ↑ Time Magazine Retrieved 2010-11-11
  40. ↑ APFT: Racing and breeding in South America Retrieved on 200-8-24
  41. ↑ Husson(ARG) Retrieved 2010-9-9
  42. ↑ Equibase: Melair Retrieved 2010-10-03
  43. ↑ "Fasliyev". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=511443#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_form. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  44. ↑ Teofilo Retrieved 2010-6-12
  45. ↑ "Queen's Logic". Racing Post. 2011-06-02. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=547124#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_form. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  46. ↑ Schweitzer, Mary. "Bloodhorse.com". Bloodhorse.com. http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/59042/white-moonstone-shines-in-fillies-mile. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  47. ↑ racing Post: Fuji Kiseki Retrieved 2009-12-25
  48. ↑ Marignan Retrieved 2009-12-5
  49. ↑ New York Times: Raise a Native Destroyed Retrioeved 2009-12-20
  50. ↑ "Horsehats.com". Horsehats.com. http://www.horsehats.com/Vindication.html. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  51. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Martian Retrieved 2010-4-30
  52. ↑ Leading Sire Danzig Pensioned at Claiborne Retrieved on 2009-8-12
  53. ↑ Equibase: Kantharos Retrieved 2010-12-05
  54. ↑ "Footstepsinthesand". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=602494#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_form. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  55. ↑ "How did a German derby winner end up in louisiana?". Bloodstock in the bluegrass. http://fmitchell07.wordpress.com/2010/03/29/how-did-a-german-derby-winner-end-up-in-louisiana/. Retrieved 5 July 2011. 
  56. ↑ The Mercury newspaper, 9 December 1916, p.4, Hobart, Tasmania
  57. ↑ Wentworth, Lady, “Thoroughbred Breeding Stock”, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., London, 1960
  58. ↑ TbH: Spendthrift Retrieved 2010-8-22
  59. ↑ TbH: Whisker Retrieved 2010-9-13</
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 60.2 Thoroughbred Times: Camarero's record of 56 consecutive wins turns 50 Retrieved 2010-8-27
  61. ↑ The Independent: World's top-rated horse Harbinger is sent to stud Retrieved 2010-10-24
  62. ↑ Sicotico-24-for-26-has-retired-to-stud Retrieved 2010-10-28
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 63.2 The Independent Retrieved 2010-10-28
  64. ↑ 64.00 64.01 64.02 64.03 64.04 64.05 64.06 64.07 64.08 64.09 64.10 64.11 64.12 64.13 64.14 64.15 64.16 64.17 64.18 64.19 64.20 Huxley, Dennis, Miller’s Guide, Sporting records, 2009/2010, Miller’s Guide P/L, Moonee Ponds
  65. ↑ [1] Retrieved 2011-11-21
  66. ↑ Bloodlines: E-F Retrieved 2010-10-30
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.3 Morris, Tony; Randall, John (1990). Horse Racing: Records, Facts, Champions(Third Edition). Guinness Publishing. ISBN 0-85112-902-1. 
  68. ↑ Bloodlines: L Retrieved 2010-10-30
  69. ↑ American turf register and sporting magazine, Volume 3 Retrieved 2010-10-30
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 14 – Lucifer?? (1813) Retrieved 2010-11-9
  71. ↑ "Big Buck's". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=658928#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_form. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  72. ↑ Bloodlines: Careless Retrieved 2010-11-1
  73. ↑ 2008 Tasmanian Racing Hall of Fame inductees Retrieved 2010-9-24
  74. ↑ Venezuelan Riding anecdotes Retrieved 2010-9-24
  75. ↑ National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame Retrieved 2010-10-30
  76. ↑ Citation’s 16, 1948 Retrieved 2010-4-10
  77. ↑ Racing Museum HoF Retrieved 2010-11-2
  78. ↑ Horse racing Retrieved 2010-9-2
  79. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage Retrieved 12 July 2011
  80. ↑ Tb Heritage: Petrarch Retrieved 2010-11-2
  81. ↑ Tb Heritage: Pretty Polly Retrieved 2010-11-2
  82. ↑ By BRYAN FIELD.Times Wide World Photo.Times Wide World Photo. (1931-07-26). "New York Times - July 26, 1931". Select.nytimes.com. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30C17F83C5F1B728DDDAF0A94DF405B818FF1D3. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  83. ↑ Racing Museum HoF Retrieved 2010-11-9
  84. ↑ Overdose is only seventh in Baden- Baden Retrieved 2010-8-30
  85. ↑ Tb Heritage: Springfield Retrieved 2010-11-9
  86. ↑ horses&HORSE=Bula Bula Retrieved 2010-11-11
  87. ↑ 87.0 87.1 Pring, Peter; "Analysis of Champion Racehorses", The Thoroughbred Press, Sydney, 1977, ISBN 0-908133-00-6
  88. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Mollie McCarty Retrieved 2010-11-9
  89. ↑ The Sportsman, Volumes 4-5 Retrieved 2010-11-1
  90. ↑ Most Continuous Races Won Retrieved 2010-12-10
  91. ↑ Just Racing Retrieved 2010-10-24
  92. ↑ Racehorse Sales Retrieved 2011-2-24
  93. ↑ Racing Post: Quijano (GER) Retrieved 2011-1-1
  94. ↑ Jumps Racing: All time favourites Retrieved 2010-3-29
  95. ↑ Equibase: Rapid Redux Retrieved 2011-09-16
  96. ↑ Provideo equalled a record Retrieved 2011-1-23
  97. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage Retrieved 2010-10-24
  98. ↑ [2] Retrieved 2011-1-29
  99. ↑ Eqisearch: Racehorse John Henry Dead at 32 Retrieved 2010-8-24
  100. ↑ "Kauto Star". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=579373#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-03-15. 
  101. ↑ Racing future: "Gerry, owner of Forego, dies" Retrieved 2010-7-21
  102. ↑ Equibase: Goldikova (IRE) Retrieved 2011-08-29
  103. ↑ Racing Post: Goldikova (IRE) Retrieved 2011-08-29
  104. ↑ "Istabraq". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=90480#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 
  105. ↑ "Moscow Flyer". Racing Post. 2011-06-02. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=507957#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 
  106. ↑ HorseHats: Spectacular Bid Retrieved 2010-8-24
  107. ↑ 19 Down, One Big One to Go for Zenyatta Retrieved 2010-10-10
  108. ↑ http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home.sd?horse_id=741644#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_form
  109. ↑ "Hurricane Fly". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=663874#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 
  110. ↑ Equibase: Lady's Secret Retrieved 2011-08-29
  111. ↑ http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home.sd?horse_id=545303#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins
  112. ↑ "Big Buck's". Racing Post. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home.sd?horse_id=658928#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 
  113. ↑ "Brave Inca". Racing Post. 2011-06-02. http://www.racingpost.com/horses/horse_home_popup.sd?horse_id=559218#topHorseTabs=horse_race_record&bottomHorseTabs=horse_wins. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 
  114. ↑ Equibase: Skip Away Retrieved 2011-08-29
  115. ↑ Thoroughbred Times: Hall of Fame member Skip Away dies at 17 Retrieved 2011-01-22
  116. ↑ HoF: Paseana Retrieved 2011-1-18
  117. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Sceptre Retrieved 2010-9-13
  118. ↑ Thoroughbred Bloodlines: Hambletonian Retrieved 2010-3-17
  119. ↑ "Thoroughbred Stallion Register", 1978, Australian Jockey Club, Randwick, NSW, 1978
  120. ↑ Tb Heritage Retrieved 2009-10-18
  121. ↑ 121.0 121.1 Pryor, Peter, The Classic Connection, Cortney Publications, Luton, 1979
  122. ↑ Thoroughbred Heritage: Reel Retrieved 2010-4-21
  123. ↑ Bloodlines: Partner (Crofts) Retrieved 2010-10-11
  124. ↑ Golden Slipper winner Sebring retired Retrieved 2010-12-26
  125. ↑ 125.0 125.1 Morris, Simon; Tesio Power 2000 - Stallions of the World, Syntax Software
  126. ↑ Ward (recorder), Frederick R. (1974). Australian Register of Thoroughbred Stallions. Sydney: Excelsis Press. p. 346. 
  127. ↑ ASB: Makybe Diva (GB) Retrieved 2010-8-15
  128. ↑ ASB: Sunline (NZ) Retrieved 2010-8-15
  129. ↑ Curlin's Race and (Stakes) Record Retrieved 2010-10-10

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